| Total number of registered HIV cases |
- A cumulative total of 470,689 HIV infections were officially registered in the Russian Federation as of December 31, 2008. The epidemic is at the concentrated stage of development.
- By the end of 2008, 0.3% of residents (0.6% of adult people aged between 15 and 49 y.o.) had been living with HIV.
- According to the most recent available data (2007), the country-average HIV prevalence rate among pregnant women amounts to 0.46% . In four regions of Russia, the HIV prevalence in pregnant women exceeds the 1 percent threshold that constitutes a generalized epidemic: Samara Oblast (1,8% HIV-prevalence among pregnant women), Irkutsk Oblast (1,2%), Sverdlovsk Oblast (1,2%) and Tymen Oblast (1,2%).
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| Newly registered HIV cases among Russian citizens |
- A total of 53,687 new HIV infections were registered in 2008, which is 10,917 more than were registered in the previous year (42,770 new HIV infections in 2007).
- The number of newly registered cases in 2007 constituted 0.18% of the number of people tested for HIV that same year.
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| IDUs remain by far the highest risk group for contracting HIV. |
- HIV prevalence among injecting drug users (IDUs) ranges from between 8% and 64% in different regions of the country.
- By the end of 2008, injecting drug use had accounted for 82.4% of all registered HIV cases with known transmission mode.
- Injecting drug use was responsible for 62.1% of new HIV infections registered in 2008 (as compared to 63.9% in 2007, and 65% in 2006).
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| The number and percentage of HIV cases attributed to sexual transmission are increasing. |
- 35.7% of new HIV infections registered in 2008 were attributed to heterosexual transmission, as compared to 17.8% in 2002, 32.5% in 2006, and 34.4% in 2007.
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| Women’s share of newly registered HIV cases |
- Women’s share of new HIV infections has risen sharply in recent years, totaling in 43–44% in 2006–2008 (as compared to 38.5% in 2003 and 20.6% in 2000).
- This increase is directly related to the increasing sexual transmission mode.
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| Predominant way of contracting HIV, by gender |
- Women: sexual transmission (62.4% of new HIV infections in women registered in 2008).
- Men: injecting drug use (78.4% of new HIV infections in men registered in 2008).
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| Uptake of specialized services provided by AIDS centers |
- A total of 251,515 people (78.5% of individuals registered at AIDS centers) were receiving HIV-related care in 2007. The comparable figure in 2006 was 231,331 people (76% of those registered).
*The term "HIV-related care" in this context refers to any and all sort of health care provided. It does not refer to antiretroviral treatment [ART] only; as noted below, the number of people on ART is much lower
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| Number of HIV-positive people under regular medical surveillance at AIDS centers |
- 59,540 people in 2007; 42,629 people in 2006
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| Number of people tested for HIV |
- A total of 24 million people were tested for HIV in 2008; as compared to 23,821,362 in 2007 and 21,656,763 in 2006.
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| Number of people receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) |
- Over 54,000 people were receiving ART in Russia as of December 31, 2008. That marked a sharp increase from the total at the end of 2008, when 31,094 people were receiving ART. In 2006 in Russia, 14,433 people were receiving ART through the public sector and about 4,000 were receiving it through the Global Fund.
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| Number of people who have stopped ART |
- In 2007, a total of 2,990 people stopped taking ART (for any reason). The comparable figure was 1,309 in 2006.
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| Deaths among HIV-infected individuals |
- 12,759 HIV-related deaths were registered in 2008, as compared to 8,547 in 2007.
- A total of 29,959 people officially registered as being HIV-positive died during the period 1996–2007.
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| Provision of ARV prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT)—including in the course of pregnancy, during childbirth, and for the child |
- In 2007, a total of 6,239 HIV-positive pregnant women (covering 72.5% of all cases) received ARV prophylaxis as part of an effort to prevent MTCT (ARV prophylaxis coverage of HIV-positive pregnant women and children born to them constituted over 95% at any of the treatment stages)
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| ART access in institutions under the authority of the Federal penal system |
- As of the end of December 2007, a total of 3,743 HIV-positive inmates were receiving ART, which amounted to more than 68% of the total thought to be in need of treatment. The comparable number at the end of 2006 was just 1,217 individuals (32% of the estimated need).
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Sources:
- Overview on HIV related situation in the Russian Federation in 2008. Federal AIDS Center, March 2008.
- À.Ò. Goliusov, L.À. Dementyeva, N.N. Ladnaya, N.I. Briko, Ì.S. Tumanova, N. Korzhaeva, Ì.V. Semenchenko, À. Nietzsche-Bell, V.B. Kobzeva. Country Progress Report of the Russian Federation on the Implementation of the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS. Reporting period: January 2006 – December 2007. Moscow: Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being of the Russian Federation, UNAIDS, 2008;
- N.N. Ladnaya. Presentation dated February 28, 2008, “Country Progress Report for UN GASS”.
- Appendix to the Report of the Rospotrebnadzor (Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being of the Russian Federation) Board Meeting, March 14, 2008.
- January 22, 2008, Ministry of Health and Social Development Coordination Council on HIV/AIDS.
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